Radiation Protection and Safety Issues for a future ERL, the PERLE@Orsay facility. How to handle with French laws in order to produce the electron beam?

概要

Physics around electron-proton collisions could bring valuable results in order to test the physics models, nuclear interactions… [1] Higher energy and intensity are needed, requiring new facilities with high performances. ERL [2] could bring these levels of performances, as this machine could accelerate high intensity electrons beam with very compact facilities and very low amount of power. PERLE [3] will be the facility to study the feasibility and the performances of this kind of accelerator for the future LHeC facility [4], developed by the CERN. The main parameters are: beam energy up to 1 GeV and 15 mA. A multi-turn ERL with a photo injector and 4 superconducting cavities LINAC (2 SCL by pass, up to 150 MeV per pass) will be designed. As an intermediate step, the PERLE project wanted to commission a littler facility providing electrons beam up to 500 MeV and 20 mA, PERLE@Orsay [5], situated in the Orsay University Campus in France. French regulations regarding nuclear facilities, and more specifically electrons accelerator, has defined threshold values (beam energy higher than 50 MeV and beam power higher than 1 kW) for the beam produced when a special classification must be applied to the facility (INB - Installation nucléaire de base or Basis Nuclear Facility) [6]. Many difficulties relate to this classification, as a very long and difficult process to obtain the exploitation licence, and very demanding needs of resources (human forces and financial). At first sight, regarding the PERLE@Orsay parameters, the facility could be classified as INB. Nevertheless, the value for the beam power refers to the power lost in the target. So, the main goal of this actual study is to prove that beam losses power are lower than 1 kW in any circumstances. This talk will present the PERLE@Orsay project, the main goals and the current technical issues. In a second part, radiation protection and safety issues will be discussed in order to determine the potential classification of the facility. References [1] J. B. Dainton, M. Klein, P. Newman, E. Perez et F. Willeke, «Deep inelastic electron-nucleon scattering at the LHC,» Journal of Instrumentation, 2006. [2] R. E. Rand, Recirculating Electron Accelerators, New York: Hardwood Academic, 1984. [3] D. Angal-Kalinin, G. Arduini, B. Auchmann, J. Bernauer, A. Bogacz, F. Bordry, S. Bousson, C. Bracco, O. Brüning, R. CAlaga, K. Cassou, V. Chetvertkova, E. Cormier, E. Daly, D. Douglas, K. Dupraz, B. Goddard, J. Henry, A. Hutton et Jensen, «PERLE: Powerful Energy Recovery Linac for Experiments - Conceptual Design Report,» 2017. [4] J. L. Abelleira Fernandez, C. Adolphsen, A. N. Akay, H. Aksakai, J. L. Albacete, S. Alekhin, P. Allport, V. Andreev, R. B. Appleby, E. Arikan, N. Armesto, G. Azuelos, M. Bai, D. Barber, J. Bartels, O. Behnke, J. Behr, A. S. Belyaev et Ben-, «A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN Report on the Physics and Design Concepts for Machine and Detector,» Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 2012. [5] PERLE Collaboration, Description of PERLE at Orsay, Orsay: LAL - CNRS, 2017. [6] Premier ministre, Décret n°2007-830 du 11 mai 2007 relatif à la nomenclature des installations nucléaires de base, Paris: Journal officiel de la République française, 2007.